His commentary about the strangeness of it all shows his sense that his English diet (of Pasta, chicken and potatoes) is normal and the Egyptian diet is just strange. Ethnocentrism refers to a bias where one's own group is the center of everything. The idea behind American exceptionalism is that Americas founding (based on its constitution, and the fact the nation was founded as a free and anti-elite republic) gave America a special place in the world. (1985). Ethnocentrism refers to the tendency to judge other cultures on the basis of own culture. a. Teo, Thomas, and Angela R. Febbraro. d. Discrimination, Which of the following practices is defined as a killing carried out by a group of vigilantes seeking revenge for an actual or imagined crime by the victim and was practiced by whites to intimidate African Americans in the United States? He did not feel negatively toward African Americans but refused to serve them in his restaurant because he feared that serving them would offend his white customers. Upholding the sanctity of ones own culture may hinder societal progress and may prevent cooperation between cultures. Understanding cultural relativism in a multicultural world. Cultural relativism is another positive aspect of xenocentrism, as it allows people to avoid judgment by approaching a foreign culture with an open mind and from that foreign culture's perspective. This becomes racism when other cultures are denigrated, or their traditions are regarded as irrelevant etc. a. All people are assumed to be the same, resulting in research that is universally applied to all cultures. Throughout the film, the family believes that because their culture is best their children should attend Greek schools, learn Greek language, and study Greek history. Ethnocentrism d. Ethnocentrism as a form of intuition in psychology. Theory & Psychology 13.5 (2003): 673-694. This cross-cultural relationship provides hope that new opportunities will be discovered, but at the same time it is threatening. d. See xenocentrism examples. Children of mixed race (derogatively labeled half-castes) were particularly targeted with the fear that these children would grow to straddle both cultures and normalize Indigenous cultural traditions among white Australians. The writing illustrates important components of ethnocentrism in history as well because, before the victory of the Civil Rights era, blacks would often try to "pass" for whites, and those who succeeded were often scorned by other blacks. Modern researchers are now able to travel a lot more than they would have done in the past. in T.V. Because of this, Europeans had lower scores of intelligence, and African Americans were at the bottom of the IQ scale. Which scenario best exemplifies ethnocentrism? However, xenocentrism becomes a problem when the many vibrant cultures and traditions that exist around the world are replaced by American ideals, goods, and services. Some researchers believe that ethnocentrism comprises in-group favoritism and vilification of out-groups; thus, people have a high opinion of their own group and think negatively about out-groups. | Cultural Mores: Examples. ethnic nepotism. Better yet, why not turn it into a persuasive speech? d. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Part of ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own race, ethnic or cultural group is the most important or that some or all aspects of its culture are superior to those of other groups. In truth, both ideals are a bit skewed. b. In the Western countries, it is normal for girls to wear dresses that are short, skirts, cut sleeve clothes whereas in India, even though now it is coming to be accepted, those wearing such clothes are often judged to have a loose character it is said that girls should always be dressed in clothes covering their body, as this is ideal and thus they must not attempt to copy the west. espite the fact that cultural relativism promotes the appreciation for cultural differences, it can also be problematic. References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnocentrism One of the most prominent examples of ethnocentrism was the Sinocentric system developed out of the idea of the "Mandate of Heaven" proliferated by the Chinese philosopher Confucius. Everyone has this anchoring bias deep down inside them, so the trick is to identify it and try to avoid it. Adolf Hitler decided he hated Jewish people, as well as other groups of people, and had many innocent people slaughtered in concentration camps. scapegoating Ethnocentrism is a tendency, people are not doing it mercy fully but their child View the full answer Transcribed image text: Identify examples of ethnocentrism. Which scenario best explains the process of assimilation? These are simply two different ways of understanding the meaning of holding hands. c. - Definition & Examples, What is Human Nature? The nurse recognizes that the client's request is an example of: cultural ritual. institutional, Which of the following categories of Asian Americans in the United States have a median household income of over $100,000, which is higher than that of Asian Americans as a whole? The theory of racial formation Which of the following best exemplifies the diffusion of popular culture throughout the world in contemporary society? Ch 4 T/F & MC HW Which scenario best exemplifies ethnocentrism? More than half of the members of the Cherokee Nation died during or as a result of their coerced relocation from the southeastern United States to the Indian Territory in Oklahoma. An error occurred trying to load this video. In this scenario, this European country can be said to have __________. They earned fortunes while working in agriculture in the U.S. mainland and in fish canneries in Seattle and Alaska. ignore the person completely Yet at the same time, the xenocentric idolization of other cultures may lead people to a feeling of hostility or resentment toward their own cultures. Ethnocentric people think the ways they do things is the way things should be done, and every other cultures way of doing things is unsavory or undesirable. Ethnocentrism often leads to incorrect assumptions about others behavior based on your own norms, values, and beliefs. b. biological assimilation Today, a debate rages about the ritual cutting of genitals of girls in several Middle Eastern and African cultures. The concept of cross-cultural relationship is the idea that people from different cultures can have relationships that acknowledge, respect and begin to understand each others diverse lives. d. a. Ethnocentrism means The tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own traditional, deferred, or adoptive ethnic culture, while Xenocentrism means a preference for the products, styles, or ideas of a different culture. 485 lessons. Affirmative action a. Racism This scenario best exemplifies __________. Hum. People with different backgrounds can help each other see possibilities that they never thought were there because of limitations, or cultural proscriptions, posed by their own traditions. For example, you might meet an American who insists French culture is better than the American way of living. All the advice on this site is general in nature. , and Zimbardos) used only white American males in their samples. It involves evaluating other cultures and ethnic groups based on the standards and values of one's own group and viewing them as inferior or less important. Research that is centered around one cultural group is called ethnocentric.. After focusing on North American and European research for many years, Western researchers began to question whether many of the observations and ideas that were considered to be universal actually apply to other cultures outside of the sample that was studied. In the movies, ethnocentrism isnt often presented as a serious problem. What is socially acceptable in one culture may be socially awkward in another, and this can result in negative judgment. a. Ethnocentrism can occur for anyone across most cultures and societies and is not limited to one culture. cultural relativism The threat is that once the relationship occurs, one can no longer claim that any single culture is the absolute truth. These are simply two different ways of understanding the meaning of holding hands. Ethnocentrism lies in contrast to the practice of xenocentrism, where we tend to judge the other culture as superior to our own. The neglected 95% revisited: Is American psychology becoming less American? They are the largest segment of the Latinx population. But head to more conservative nations and women might always cover their shoulders or hair. These procedures would then not be used across other cultures where it may yield invalid results. Indochinese Americans Imperialism, the practice of taking over other lands, was heavily practiced by Europe as far back as the 16th century. In fact, xenocentrism can be viewed as a defiant attitude, since it is a departure from social norms and can result in the rejection of one's own nation. They are able to have contact with people from all across the globe as well as being able to hold talks and conferences where researchers from different cultures can meet to discuss ideas. d. the Black Power movement. Obviously, they didnt deserve the torture they received, and this was clearly an extreme case of ethnocentrism. Pacifist Types & Views | What is a Pacifist? I will often show my students clips from An Idiot Abroad because its so full of examples of ethnocentrism! Individuals who are ethnocentric will believe that their cultures beliefs, ideas, values, and practices are correct, and they use the standards in their own culture to assess other cultural groups. Show Answer 1 In all societies, groups, and walks of life, ethnocentrism influences how humans behave. Simply Scholar Ltd. 20-22 Wenlock Road, London N1 7GU, 2023 Simply Scholar, Ltd. All rights reserved. Scapegoating They will have a narrow-minded outlook that fails to see things from other peoples perspectives (often manifesting itself as cultural blindness). On the one hand, the world economy relies on xenocentrism as a way to market goods to foreign consumers. Some people view this practice disrespectful to the body of the deceased person. Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Role of Cultural Relativism in Xenocentrism, Introduction to Anthropology: Help and Review, Anthropology Perspectives: Help and Review, Genetics for Anthropologists: Help and Review, Evolution for Anthropologists: Help and Review, Geologic Time and Anthropology: Help and Review, Anthropology & Ancient History: Help and Review, Human and Cultural Migrations: Help and Review, People and the Environment: Help and Review, Agriculture & Domestication: Help and Review, Studying Land Resources in Anthropology: Help and Review, Levels of Culture: National, International & Subcultural, Understanding the Difference Between Society & Culture, Cultural Variation: Universalities, Generalities & Particularities, Etic and Emic World Views in Anthropology, Culture and the Individual: Real Culture vs. Someone who does not take a. view might be tempted to see their own understanding of this behavior as superior and, perhaps, the foreign practice as being immoral. She seems to straddle the line between black and white at various points. The goal is to look at both universal and unique behaviors to establish the ways in which culture has an influence on behavior, relationships, education, etc. When you grow up only hearing one accent, it starts to feel like that accent is normal and not an accent at all. Some people will simply call it cultural ignorance. Unwilling to learn about other cultures because they are perceived as inferior. Privacy Policy. Xenos is a Greek word that means stranger or foreigner; correspondingly, xenocentrism is the preference for another culture or other cultures over one's own culture. In addition, xenocentrism can become an issue when people are defined as "exotic". Xenocentrism occurs when people desire to engage in the traditions of other cultures more than that of their own. When traveling the world, many of us English-speakers live with the expectation that others will speak English to us. Study Resources. While many people may recognize ethnocentricity as problematic, they may not realize it occurs everywhere, both at local and political levels. It tells the story of a young Jewish girl living in New York City in the 1950s. Throughout the era of European imperialism and colonization, there was a widespread belief that Indigenous populations were inferior or even unintelligent. Cultural relativism. Cultural Elements that Unified the Islamic World. Specifically, ethnocentrism in research could result in negative consequences if the materials used for research are produced with one culture in mind. answer choices A family immigrates to a new country, settles near others from their homeland, and conducts most of their day-to-day activities within their ethnic neighborhood. It was both the human race and the Na'vi who deemed each other as less superior, example when the human were using machines to destroy the forest . Which of the following theoretical perspectives is associated with the contact hypothesis? Other immigration approaches include Integration, where different cultures all live together in a patchwork throughout a city, and Self-Determination, where everyone can choose which culture they want to follow. This is a topic that verges on ethnocentrism but does not always reach that level. Whilst they are not the same, ethnocentrism can lead to prejudiced behaviors and attempts to impose ones subjective culture onto other cultural groups. c. b. This is most likely an example of __________ discrimination. This study was developed to assess the attachment types of infants the sample in this study used all American infants. Chinese Americans a. They looked at different types of land use (such as with nomadic cultures) and governments (such as tribal rather than parliamentary systems) as rationales for these beliefs. Positive psychology, ethnocentrism, and the disguised ideology of individualism. As former President Obama argued, American exceptionalism can also lead to failure to see the good in (and learn from) other nations. They may laugh at the clumsiness of foreigners when they use chopsticks. Furthermore, it is the belief that other cultures are no better or worse than ones own but are equally valid despite their differences. c. Race is a more objective way of categorizing people since it is more observable. For instance, when the US is marketed as being "the land of opportunity" with "golden streets", people outside of the US may neglect the needs of their own country in favor of living an American lifestyle or immigrating to the US. This cross-cultural relationship provides hope that new opportunities will be discovered, but at the same time it is threatening. The Italians were the first white ethnic immigrants to enter the United States. This has been shown by the country's tendency to dabble in situations occurring in other nations.
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